The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is an obscure but important space in the deep face that needs to be evaluated very carefully in the realm of head and neck imaging, since a myriad of infective, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions can affect it. Familiarity with the appearance of the fossa and related connections is necessary for early detection of tumor extension. Surgical anatomy of the infratemporal fossa using the. Mr and ct anatomy and the pathology of skull base focusing on. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf, is an important small anatomic space which communicate the middle cranial fossa, orbital, nasal and oral cavities, pharynx, foramen lacerum and the. He has contributed the next illustrations to the atlas of human anatomy pdf. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is a small but complex space of the deep face in the shape of an inverted pyramid located between the maxillary bone anteriorly, the. The clinical anatomy of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa. The pterygopalatine fossa is a depression or hollow in the human skull that is named for its location at the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone. The anatomy of the skull base is complex and its knowledge is essential for the treatment. Oct 29, 2017 the pterygopalatine fossa ppf is a small but complex space of the deep face in the shape of an inverted pyramid located between the maxillary bone anteriorly, the pterygoid process posteriorly. J pterygopalatine fossa questions and study guide quizlet. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf, less commonly known as the sphenopalatine fossa, is a small but complex space of the deep face in the shape of an inverted pyramid located between the maxillary bone anteriorly, the pterygoid process posteriorly and inferior to the orbital apex.
The anterior wall is formed by the posterior surface of the maxilla the medial wall is formed by the lateral surface of the palatine bone the posterior wall and roof are formed by parts of the sphenoid bone. Anatomy pterygopalatine fossa questions and study guide. The distribution of this vessel and its branches is discussed later in this chapter. Pterygopalatine fossa wikimili, the free encyclopedia. Through eight bony canals or foramina, this fossa communicates with the nasal and oral cavities, infratemporal fossa, orbit, pharynx, and middle cranial fossa. It receives parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is a coneshaped depression deep to the infratemporal fossa and posterior to the maxilla on both sides of the. She bounded from above the lower temporal line, bottom apex in crest and the bottom of the zygomatic arch, in front of the zygomatic bone. Monitoring of the retropterygoid portion of the infratemporal fossa by this route is inadequate.
The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is an important anatomic location of the deep portion of the face. Temporal, infratemporal, pterygopalatine fossa anatomy ant 1003 with liuzzi at lake erie college of osteopathic medicine studyblue. Respiratory system anatomy lecture 4 2 anatomical structure and boundaries the pterygopalatine fossa is an inverted tear drop shaped space. The sphenopalatine artery leaves the pterygopalatine fossa via the sphenopalatine foramen on its medial wall to enter the nasal fossa. The ganglion, a triangular structure 5 mm in diameter, is covered by a layer of connective tissue and. The clinical anatomy of the maxillary artery in the. Download as pdf print show related cases notify admin. It resides in the pterygopalatine fossa, which is located in the superior pterygomaxillary fissure, in the anterosuperior part of the infratemporal fossa medial to the zygomatic arch and the coronoid process of the mandible. Pdf a previously undescribed branch of the pterygopalatine. This article will focus on the skeletal framework and the contents of the pterygopalatine fossa, as well as how it serves as a gateway to other regions of the skull. Chapter 4 improved depiction of pterygopalatine fossa anatomy using ult ra. Pdf endoscopic anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa. From the pterygomaxillary junction to the pterygopalatine fossa region, the maxillary artery was usually branched into 5 arteries in the. The anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa pertinent to the technique of maxillary nerve block at the foramen rotundum was investigated and the ability of inexperienced surgeons to apply the.
Jun 30, 2018 in this post, we have shared an overview and download link of netters atlas of human anatomy 7th edition pdf. A human skull contains two pterygopalatine fossaeone on the left side, and another on the right side. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is a bony space located in the skull base. The ppf contains fat, the pterygopalatine ganglion ppg, the maxillary division v2 of the trigeminal nerve and its branches zygomatic nerve. Instant anatomy is a specialised web site for you to learn all about human anatomy of the body with diagrams, podcasts and revision questions. The pterygoid plexus of veins drains the pterygopalatine fossa and ganglion. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Pterygopalatine fossa medical definition merriamwebster. A wingedshaped feature consisting of laminae called the medial pterygoid plate and the lateral pterygoid plate, the pterygoid process forms the fossas posterior border with its front surface. The walls of the pterygopalatine fossa are formed by.
Our results indicate that the transmaxillary approach is a minimally invasive procedure that gives an appropriate window to the structures of the retroantral space and to the pterygomaxillary fissure and pterygopalatine fossa. Familiarizing yourself with the complex anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa will give you a better understanding of its. Robert lewis maynard, noel downes, in anatomy and histology of the laboratory rat in toxicology and biomedical research, 2019. In this post, we have shared an overview and download link of netters atlas of human anatomy 7th edition pdf. The pterygopalatine ganglion is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck and largest of the peripheral parasympathetic ganglia.
It is quite important as it is a neurovascular crossroad of the nasal cavity, masticator space, orbit, oral cavity and. Anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa, infra temporal space slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Then we classified the branching patterns of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa. The pterygopalatine fossa contains the pterygopalatine ganglion. Pterygopalatine ganglion radiology reference article. Jan 03, 2020 atlas of human anatomy pdf provides extra and distinctive viewpoints of difficulttounderstand anatomical buildings with the assistance of newest fullcolor illustrations and work. Grays surgical anatomy 1st edition pdf written and edited by expert surgeons in collaboration with a worldrenowned anatomist, this exquisitely illustrated reference consolidates surgical, anatomical and technical knowledge for the entire human body in a single volume. Pdf endonasal and infrazygomatic pterygopalatine ganglion ppg block for facial. Parasympathetic pathways for nose, palate, sinuses and. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Maxillary bone forms its anterior wall the lateral surface of the palatine bone forms the medial wall the sphenoid bone particularly the pterygoid plate forms the. The pterygopalatine nerves or sphenopalatine branches, two in number, descend to the pterygopalatine ganglion. Pdf interactive webbased programs to teach functional. Atlas of human anatomy pdf provides extra and distinctive viewpoints of difficulttounderstand anatomical buildings with the assistance of newest fullcolor illustrations and work. Therefore, an open approach is traditionally used, but morbidity is unavoidable. Brs gross anatomy 9th edition pdf download usmlematerials. Endonasal transpterygoid approach to the infratemporal fossa sbccp.
Anatomy, pterygopalatine fossa statpearls ncbi bookshelf. Although it is closely related to the pterygopalatine ganglion, it is still considered a branch of the maxillary nerve and does not synapse in the ganglion. The infratemporal fossa anatomy, from an endoscopic standpoint, is poorly understood. The fossa accommodates branches of the maxillary nerve cranial nerve cn v2, the pterygopalatine ganglion, and the terminal branches of the maxillary artery. Chapter 4 improved depiction of pterygopalatine fossa anatomy using ultra. University of michigan medical school s12 pterygopalatine fossa. Mar 29, 2020 the pterygopalatine sphenopalatine ganglion is one of four small parasympathetic ganglia found in the head. Jun 15, 2015 anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa, infra temporal space slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf, less commonly known as the sphenopalatine fossa, is a small but complex space of the deep face in the shape of an inverted pyramid located between the maxillary bone anteriorly, the pterygoid process posteriorly a. Jaradeh the pterygopalatine fossa ppf represents a major pathway of spread of malignancy and infection from the head and neck into the skull base. Head and neck gross anatomy, medical animation duration. Each fossa is a coneshaped paired depression deep to the infratemporal fossa and posterior to the maxilla on each side of the skull, located between the pterygoid process and the maxillary tuberosity.
The small artery of the pterygoid canal passes through the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa via the pterygoid canal. Anatomy and pathology of the skull base, ct and mri imaging. The nerve of the pterygoid canal is the parasympathetic and sympathetic root of the pterygopalatine ganglion. Mr and ct anatomy and the pathology of skull base focusing on pterygopalatine fossa. Aug 15, 2016 pterygopalatine fossa 1overview and topographic anatomy general information pyramidshaped fossa on the lateral aspect of the skull between the maxillas infratemporal surface and the pterygoid process of the sphenoid contains major nerves and blood vessels that supply the nasal cavity, upper jaw, hard palate, and soft palate. Atlas of human anatomy pdf free download 2020 medical study. It should be noted that the lower part of the pterygoid fossa and anterior border of the pterygoid process is formed by the pyramidal process of the palatine bone. The pterygopalatine ganglion aka meckels ganglion, nasal ganglion or sphenopalatine ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion found in the pterygopalatine fossa. Anesthetic can be injected via three different routes towards the pterygopalatine fossa. Body head and neck areasorgans pterygopalatine fossa pterygopalatine ganglion and vb in fossa. The sphenopalatine ganglion lies in the pterygopalatine fossa, which in the in the rat is only a shallow groove towards the lower, posterior end of the orbitotemporal fossa see chapter 5.
All the nerves leaving the pterygopalatine fossa have parasympathetic, sympathetic, and. Study 77 temporal, infratemporal, pterygopalatine fossa flashcards from adrian k. The pterygopalatine fossa is a bilateral, coneshaped depression extending deep from the infratemporal fossa all the way to the nasal cavity via the sphenopalatine foramen it is located between the maxilla, sphenoid and palatine bones, and communicates with other regions of the skull and facial skeleton via several canals and foramina. As endoscopic sinus surgery ess has progressed over the last 10 years, new techniques have been introduced to aid with the resection of tumors in regions which traditionally have been difficult to access.
The site tries to lighten this burden byproviding easy to follow and memorize the concepts of anatomy which are hard to grasp. Anatomical lateral view of the pterygopalatine fossa. Pterygopalatine fossa an overview sciencedirect topics. These pages serve um foundational anatomy, a component of the scientific trunk of the m1 curriculum. The anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa and its connecting fissures and foramina are illustrated by photographs, drawings and ct images. The collection of veins is around the lateral pterygoid muscle and is called the pterygoid plexus of veins present in the infratemporal fossa. The pterygopalatine ganglion and its role in various pain syndromes. Mr and ct anatomy and the pathology of skull base focusing. The pterygopalatine fossa contents openings teachmeanatomy. May 26, 2016 the pterygopalatine fossa ppf is an obscure but important space in the deep face that needs to be evaluated very carefully in the realm of head and neck imaging, since a myriad of infective, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions can affect it. Anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa, infra temporal space. Although the pterygopalatine fossa is a small compartment hidden between the maxillae and the sphenopalatine bone, it has multiple communications with surrounding structures, such as the oral cavity, the nasal cavity, the infratemporal fossa, the middle cranial fossa. Pdf the pterygopalatine ganglion and its role in various. This is especially true in the head, where many structures are relatively small.
The ct appearance of the pterygopalatine fossa is described in detail. Bhanu prakash usmle, fmge and neet pg 70,480 views. Respiratory system anatomy lecture 4 12 venous drainage the veins follow opposite direction to the arteries. Clinical functional anatomy of the pterygopalatine ganglion. Learning anatomy can be overwhelming because of the sheer amount of information to be understood and memorized. Netters atlas of human anatomy 7th edition pdf free. Radiology of the pterygoid plates and pterygopalatine fossa. The palatine and pharyngeal tonsils are commonly removed during tonsillectomies.
The pterygopalatine fossa is a major distribution center for the parasympathetic innervation and vascular supply of deep facial structures. It is largely innervated by the greater petrosal nerve a branch of the facial nerve. Atlas of human anatomy pdf free download 2020 medical. Certain areas of the body contain structures that are difficult to envision in their proper spatial orientations and whose functions are complex and difficult to grasp. Temporal, apex and the pterygopalatine fossa skull. What are the wallsboundaries of the pterygopalatine fossa. Access to the pterygopalatine fossa is very difficult due to its complex anatomy. Its small volume combined with the numerous structures.
Netter, mds atlas of human anatomy also known as netters atlas of human anatomy is undoubtedly the best human anatomy book in the world. The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve cn v enters the fossa from behind, through the foramen rotundum, and the pterygoid nerve enters the fossa via the pterygoid canal. Located in the pterygopalatine fossa, posterior to the middle turbinate, the sphenopalatine i. Its small volume combined with the numerous structures that pass through makes this a complex region for anatomy students. Anatomic and ct sections were compared in cadavers and patients in axial and coronal ct planes to identify the osseous configuration and vascular and neural contents of the fossa.
The sphenomaxillary fissure, bounded in front by the maxillary tuber and behind by anterior portions of the pterygoid process, affords lateral access to the pterygopalatine fossa. Osseous anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa david l. Written and edited by expert surgeons in collaboration with a worldrenowned anatomist, this exquisitely illustrated reference consolidates surgical, anatomical and technical knowledge for the entire human body in a single volume. The pterygopalatine fossa ppf is a bilateral space deep within the skull. The fossa accommodates branches of the maxillary nerve cranial nerve cn v2, the. The normal fat, softtissue, and osseous margins are altered by neoplasms in the fossa. Computed tomographic anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa. Anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa imaging findings. Parasympathetic pathways for nose, palate, sinuses and lacrimal gland. A human skull contains two pterygopalatine fossaeone on the left. University of michigan medical school first year medical. Endoscopic endonasal approach for mass resection of the. Veins accompany the arteries and, passing through the fossa, emerge at the. Dimensional print model of the pterygopalatine fossa.
Familiarizing yourself with the complex anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa will give you a better understanding of its involvement in major pathological conditions. Pterygopalatine fossa definition of pterygopalatine fossa. Netters atlas of human anatomy pdf 7th edition free. Read the overview below and download using links given at the end of the post. The pterygopalatine fossa is the region between the pterygomaxillary fissure and the nasal cavity. In human anatomy, the pterygopalatine fossa sphenopalatine fossa is a fossa in the skull. Temporal, infratemporal, pterygopalatine fossa anatomy ant. The pterygopalatine fossa is a pyramidal space between the pterygoid process of sphenoid behind and the perpendicular plate of palatine in front, situated deeply below the apex of the orbit. Anatomy and pathology of the skull base, ct and mri imaging poster no c0157 congress. Netters atlas of human anatomy 7th edition pdf free download.
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